Things that used to be true before political correctness set
in:
More whites were brought as slaves to North Africa than
blacks brought as slaves to the United States
Before sending ignorant hate mail, consider these Wikipedia
entries:
“The Barbary slave trade refers to the slave markets that
were lucrative and vast on the Barbary Coast of North Africa, which included
the Ottoman provinces of Algeria, Tunisia and Tripolitania and the independent
Sultanate of Morocco, between the 16th and middle of the 18th century. The
Ottoman provinces in North Africa were nominally under Ottoman suzerainty, but
in reality they were mostly autonomous. The North African slave markets were
part of the Berber slave trade.
“Ohio State University history Professor Robert Davis
describes the White Slave Trade as minimized by most modern historians in his
book Christian Slaves, Muslim Masters: White Slavery in the Mediterranean, the
Barbary Coast and Italy, 1500–1800. Davis estimates that 1 million to 1.25
million Europeans were enslaved in North Africa, from the beginning of the 16th
century to the middle of the 18th, by slave traders from Tunis, Algiers, and
Tripoli alone (these numbers do not include the European people who were
enslaved by Morocco and by other raiders and traders of the Mediterranean Sea
coast),[3] and roughly 700 Americans were held captive in this region as
slaves between 1785 and 1815.[4]
Christian Slaves, Musl...
R. Davis
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“From bases on the Barbary coast, North Africa, the Barbary
pirates raided ships traveling through the Mediterranean and along the northern
and western coasts of Africa, plundering their cargo and enslaving the people
they captured. From at least 1500, the pirates also conducted raids along
seaside towns of Italy, Spain, France, England, the Netherlands and as far away
as Iceland, capturing men, women and children. On some occasions, settlements
such as Baltimore, Ireland were abandoned following the raid, only being
resettled many years later. Between 1609 and 1616, England alone had 466
merchant ships lost to Barbary pirates.[8]
“While Barbary corsairs looted the cargo of ships they
captured, their primary goal was to capture non-Muslim people for sale as
slaves or for ransom. Those who had family or friends who might ransom them
were held captive, the most famous of these was the author Miguel de Cervantes,
who was held for almost five years. Others were sold into various types of
servitude. Captives who converted to Islam were generally freed, since
enslavement of Muslims was prohibited; but this meant that they could never
return to their native countries.[9][10]
“Sixteenth- and 17th-century customs statistics suggest that
Istanbul’s additional slave import from the Black Sea may have totaled around
2.5 million from 1450 to 1700.[11] The markets declined after the loss of the
Barbary Wars and finally ended in the 1800s, after a US Navy expedition under
Commodore Edward Preble engaging gunboats and fortifications in Tripoli, 1804
and later when after a British diplomatic mission led to some confused orders and
a massacre; British and Dutch ships delivered a punishing nine-hour bombardment
of Algiers leading to an acceptance of terms. It ended with the French conquest
of Algeria (1830-1847).
“Perpetrated largely on Europeans, and within in-land routes
to indigenous European inhabitants. These peoples were systematically preyed
upon and turned into slaves, acquired by Barbary pirates during slave
raids on ships and by raids on coastal towns from Italy to the Netherlands, as
far north as Iceland and in the eastern shores of the Mediterranean.”
“White slavery, white slave trade, and white slave traffic
refer to the chattel slavery of White Europeans by non-Europeans (such as North
Africans and the Muslim world), as well as by Europeans themselves, such as the
Viking thralls or European Galley slaves. From Antiquity, European slaves were
common during the reign of Ancient Rome and were prominent during the Ottoman
Empire into the early modern period. In Feudalism, there were various forms of
status below the Freeman that is known as Serfdom (such as the bordar, villein,
vagabond and slave) which could be bought and sold as property and were subject
to labor and branding by their owners or demense. Under Muslim rule, the Arab
slave trades that included Caucasian captives were often fueled by raids into
European territories or were taken as children in the form of a blood tax from
the families of citizens of conquered territories to serve the empire for a
variety of functions. In the mid-19th century, the term ‘white slavery’ was
used to describe the Christian slaves that were sold into the Barbary slave
trade.”
See also:
March 7, 2004When Europeans Were Slaves: Research Suggests
White Slavery Was Much More Common Than Previously BelievedCOLUMBUS, Ohio – A
new study suggests that a million or more European Christians were enslaved by
Muslims in North Africa between 1530 and 1780 – a far greater number than had
ever been estimated before.In a new book, Robert Davis, professor of history at
Ohio State University, developed a unique methodology to calculate the number
of white Christians who were enslaved along Africa’s Barbary Coast, arriving at
much higher slave population estimates than any previous studies had found.Most
other accounts of slavery along the Barbary coast didn’t try to estimate the
number of slaves, or only looked at the number of slaves in particular cities,
Davis said. Most previously estimated slave counts have thus tended to be in
the thousands, or at most in the tens of thousands. Davis, by contrast, has
calculated that between 1 million and 1.25 million European Christians were
captured and forced to work in North Africa from the 16th to 18th centuries.
Davis’s new estimates appear in the book Christian Slaves,
Muslim Masters: White Slavery in the Mediterranean, the Barbary Coast, and
Italy, 1500-1800 (Palgrave Macmillan).
“Enslavement was a very real possibility for anyone who
traveled in the Mediterranean, or who lived along the shores in places like
Italy, France, Spain and Portugal, and even as far north as England and
Iceland.”
“Much of what has been written gives the impression that
there were not many slaves and minimizes the impact that slavery had on
Europe,” Davis said. “Most accounts only look at slavery in one place, or only
for a short period of time. But when you take a broader, longer view, the
massive scope of this slavery and its powerful impact become clear.”
Davis said it is useful to compare this Mediterranean
slavery to the Atlantic slave trade that brought black Africans to the
Americas. Over the course of four centuries, the Atlantic slave trade was much
larger – about 10 to 12 million black Africans were brought to the Americas.
But from 1500 to 1650, when trans-Atlantic slaving was still in its infancy,
more white Christian slaves were probably taken to Barbary than black African
slaves to the Americas, according to Davis.
“One of the things that both the public and many scholars
have tended to take as given is that slavery was always racial in nature – that
only blacks have been slaves. But that is not true,” Davis said. “We cannot
think of slavery as something that only white people did to black people.”
During the time period Davis studied, it was religion and
ethnicity, as much as race, that determined who became slaves.
“Enslavement was a very real possibility for anyone who
traveled in the Mediterranean, or who lived along the shores in places like
Italy, France, Spain and Portugal, and even as far north as England and
Iceland,” he said.
Pirates (called corsairs) from cities along the Barbary
Coast in north Africa – cities such as Tunis and Algiers – would raid ships in
the Mediterranean and Atlantic, as well as seaside villages to capture men,
women and children. The impact of these attacks were devastating – France,
England, and Spain each lost thousands of ships, and long stretches of the
Spanish and Italian coasts were almost completely abandoned by their
inhabitants. At its peak, the destruction and depopulation of some areas
probably exceeded what European slavers would later inflict on the African interior.
Although hundreds of thousands of Christian slaves were
taken from Mediterranean countries, Davis noted, the effects of Muslim slave
raids was felt much further away: it appears, for example, that through most of
the 17th century the English lost at least 400 sailors a year to the slavers.
Even Americans were not immune. For example, one American
slave reported that 130 other American seamen had been enslaved by the
Algerians in the Mediterranean and Atlantic just between 1785 and 1793.
Davis said the vast scope of slavery in North Africa has
been ignored and minimized, in large part because it is on no one’s agenda to
discuss what happened.
The enslavement of Europeans doesn’t fit the general theme
of European world conquest and colonialism that is central to scholarship on
the early modern era, he said. Many of the countries that were victims of
slavery, such as France and Spain, would later conquer and colonize the areas
of North Africa where their citizens were once held as slaves. Maybe because of
this history, Western scholars have thought of the Europeans primarily as “evil
colonialists” and not as the victims they sometimes were, Davis said.
The New Color Line
Paul C. Roberts
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Davis said another reason that Mediterranean slavery has
been ignored or minimized has been that there have not been good estimates of
the total number of people enslaved. People of the time – both Europeans and
the Barbary Coast slave owners – did not keep detailed, trustworthy records of
the number of slaves. In contrast, there are extensive records that document
the number of Africans brought to the Americas as slaves.
So Davis developed a new methodology to come up with
reasonable estimates of the number of slaves along the Barbary Coast. Davis
found the best records available indicating how many slaves were at a
particular location at a single time. He then estimated how many new slaves it
would take to replace slaves as they died, escaped or were ransomed.
“The only way I could come up with hard numbers is to turn
the whole problem upside down – figure out how many slaves they would have to
capture to maintain a certain level,” he said. “It is not the best way to make
population estimates, but it is the only way with the limited records
available.”
Putting together such sources of attrition as deaths,
escapes, ransomings, and conversions, Davis calculated that about one-fourth of
slaves had to be replaced each year to keep the slave population stable, as it
apparently was between 1580 and 1680. That meant about 8,500 new slaves had to
be captured each year. Overall, this suggests nearly a million slaves would
have been taken captive during this period. Using the same methodology, Davis
has estimated as many as 475,000 additional slaves were taken in the previous
and following centuries.
The result is that between 1530 and 1780 there were almost
certainly 1 million and quite possibly as many as 1.25 million white, European
Christians enslaved by the Muslims of the Barbary Coast.
Davis said his research into the treatment of these slaves
suggests that, for most of them, their lives were every bit as difficult as
that of slaves in America.
“As far as daily living conditions, the Mediterranean slaves
certainly didn’t have it better,” he said.
While African slaves did grueling labor on sugar and cotton
plantations in the Americas, European Christian slaves were often worked just
as hard and as lethally – in quarries, in heavy construction, and above all rowing
the corsair galleys themselves.
Davis said his findings suggest that this invisible slavery
of European Christians deserves more attention from scholars.
“We have lost the sense of how large enslavement could loom
for those who lived around the Mediterranean and the threat they were under,”
he said. “Slaves were still slaves, whether they are black or white, and
whether they suffered in America or North Africa.”
White Cargo: The Forgo...
Don Jordan, Michael Walsh
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See Also: White Cargo by Don Jordan and Michael Walsh,
New York University Press, 2007.
The New Color Line by Paul Craig Roberts and Lawrence
Stratton points out that the 1964 Civil Rights Act explicitly prohibited
racial quotas. Despite the statutory prohibition, Alfred W. Blumrosen,
compliance chief and de facto head of the Equal Employment Opportunity
Commission (EEOC) imposed quotas on his bet that the EEOC’s “interpretation” of
the law would be upheld by the federal courts out of deference to the
regulatory commission. Blumrosen won his bet, and the Civil Rights Act
was stood on its head. Blumrosen’s imposition of racial quotas is a perfect
example of how regulators, not legislators, write our laws.
In his report on Amazon.com’s censuring of politically
incorrect books by Jewish and Black authors for telling the truth, Ron Unz
notes that contrary to the fake history that puts the blame for black slavery
on white gentiles, Jews themselves played a prominent role in the black slave
trade:
“For more than a half-century, Jewish political activists
and engaged academics have pilloried white American society for its
longstanding mistreatment of blacks, especially focusing upon the “original
sin” of black slavery, and almost every morning my New York Times carries one
or more articles filled with such denunciations. Americans of Anglo-Saxon
founding stock are invariably portrayed as the villains of the story, with
American Jews frequently cited as among the heroic supporters of the Civil
Rights Movement that eventually rectified some of those injustices.
“Yet, the true facts may be somewhat more complex. Over a
quarter-century ago, provocative NOI researchers published a fascinating volume
gathering together a huge quantity of historical evidence suggesting that prior
to the Civil War, America’s tiny Jewish population had actually played an
enormously disproportionate role in establishing and promoting black slavery,
with their co-ethnics even sometimes outright dominating that institution in
the vast and exceptionally cruel slave plantations of Latin America, which were
frequently operated like death-camps. These claims are hardly implausible
given that slave-trading had been a very traditional Jewish occupation in much
of Europe and the Middle East for the last thousand years, and it is probably
more than coincidence that the largest centers of Jewish settlement in Colonial
America tended to be those cities focused on the slave trade.”
It is often overlooked that slaves were enslaved before they
were bought and sold by Jews, Arabs, and Gentiles. The unasked question
is: Who enslaved them?
The African slave trade trade originated in the black
Kingdom of Dahomey in Africa. The black king of Dahomey conducted slave
wars against rival black tribes. Arabs and later Europeans seeking
a work force for the New World purchased black slaves from the black Kingdom of
Dahomey. See Karl Polanyi, Dahomey and the Slave Trade. This
important history is almost unobtainable in the present era of political
correctness and fake history that has been created in order to manufacture a
new victim group. American blacks learned from Jews that to obtain the
status of victim group brings special privileges. Thus does truth fall to
self-serving agendas. The protection of “holocaust” now extends to
blacks, women, homosexuals, and transgendered.
