The Jerusalem Talmud arose at approximately 500-550CE out of whole cloth from the Rabbis of the time. The Talmud has nothing to do with the Torah -- just as Quran does not. Both are no more "tied" to the Old Testament than is my shoelace.
And, most-importantly, both hold under their core doctrines that all other than they are not just lost but literally lesser and all those who do not join in said faith are not to be convinced by conversation and lived example but rather be given only the two choices of converting irrespective of desire or suffering oppression. Such oppression is specifically not only sanctioned it is expected that followers will abuse (e.g. by lying, stealing, physically and economically oppressing or even killing) those who are not of their faith and refuse to change their minds.
Both of these systems were very useful when disputes were inevitably settled with a sword but neither is compatible with, nor can either be permitted to imbue the United States or any component of it whether federal, state or local unless, of course, you wish to return to settling disputes with said sword.
